Francis turbine operating in sedimentladen river projects, the frequency of repair and maintenance of underwater parts are comparatively high, resulting increase the. Francis turbine operating in sedimentladen river projects, the frequency of repair and maintenance of underwater parts are comparatively high, resulting increase. Horizontal vertical shaft francis turbine runner for capacity 100kw 20mw. Design, performance and maintenance of francis turbines. Francis unit is considered as most simple and robust machine that can be used for transformation of water potential energy to mechanical power via fixed runner blades and further to electrical grid. But since such horizontal configuration has a limited capacity and size, the vertical setup is preferred for large units. Francis turbine working principle, main parts, diagram and. Only a few large low head francis turbines made by kvaerner have been. Francis turbines head up to 300 m and output up to 30 mw axial flow turbines head up to 45 m and output up to 15 mw 30 0 00 kw 1, 1 000 kw, 000 kw, 000 kw 1,500 kw 500 k w 1 00 kw 200 w 100 50 10 5 1 0.
Pdf theoretical analysis of turbines for predicting of operating. A brief discussion on a the design philosophy during the last 60 years with will be presented. Onboard measurements at a 100mw highhead francis turbine. The francis type turbine is mostly suitable for hydropower stations with medium or high head from 10m to 300m.
Pdf assembly design of francis turbine from maintenance. One of the key characteristics of the francis turbine is the fact that water changes direction as it passes through the turbine. Depending on the water passage system safety or ramping requirements, a unit with francis turbine can be equipped with a pressure relief or waterenergy dissipation valve. Water enters the runner and flows towards the centre of wheel in the radial direction and leaves parallel to the axis of the turbine. Mavels francis turbines are installed in europe, the americas, africa and asia.
The flow enters the turbine in a radial direction, flowing towards its axis, but after striking and interacting with the turbine blades it exits along the direction of that axis. The alignment of turbine generator sets poses unique challenges that only the best laser shaft alignment systems can overcome. Designed for heads from 20 m to 400 m, hpp francis runners can achieve more than 94% efficiency. They are available with a runner diameter from 400 mm to 2500 mm, can be configured as a horizontal or vertical unit and have installed power of up to 30 mw. Francis turbine blades are designed in such a way that one portion of the blade design creates the pressure difference between the opposite faces of the blade when water flows through it, and the remaining portions blade design use the impulse force of water hitting it and this combined action of pressure difference and impulse force generates enough power to get turbine. Types of francis turbine vertical francis units horizontal francis units. Additionally propeller turbines may be slant mounted. With about 60% of the global hydropower capacity in the world, francis turbines are the most widely used type of hydro turbine. Abstract the aim for turbine design is to increase the efficiency and avoid. Horizontal francis turbine unit with water head ranging from 10 to 300m and 100kw to 50mw capacity.
Additionally, propeller turbines may be slant mounted. Francis turbine its components, working and application. New invention wind and water turbine design youtube. Mavels line of francis turbines is designed for heads from 15 to 300 meters 50 to feet. This turbine is used for medium heads with medium discharge. Our turbines excel in reaching high efficiency levels. Horizontal axis wind turbines hawt are considered to be more efficient than vertical axis wind turbines vawt. Francis in 1849 developed the radial turbine, named francis turbine. Abstract the aim for turbine design is to increase the efficiency and avoid cavitation and fractures during operation. Horizontal arrangement is found only in medium and small sized turbines with.